Trật tự từ, vị trí bổ nghĩa và cấu trúc song song
Vị trí bổ ngữ, cấu trúc song song và sự đồng dạng của liên từ tương quan.
Tránh bổ nghĩa sai chỗ và câu lạc đề, xây dựng cấu trúc song song chính xác.
⚠️Bẫy thường gặp — các lỗi hay mất điểm
- Dangling participle (phân từ treo): ✕ Walking to the station, the rain started. → ○ While I was walking..., it started to rain.
- only đặt sai chỗ: ✕ She only reviewed the budget yesterday. (= "không làm gì khác ngoài review") → ○ She reviewed only the budget yesterday.
- Trộn lẫn cấu trúc: "not only reduce but also improving" (sai do không cùng dạng từ).
- Liệt kê không nhất quán: "creating, to write, and testing" → đồng bộ tất cả về -ing.
- Sai trật tự tính từ: ✕ a Japanese plastic blue small box → ○ a small new blue Japanese plastic box.
Luyện tập theo điểm chính
Tránh bổ nghĩa sai chỗ
To improve efficiency, the team updated its tools.
___ improve efficiency, the team updated its tools.
___ submitting the report, please double-check all figures.
The CEO ___ thanked the team for their hard work.
Please send the documents ___ to avoid further delays.
She reviewed ___ the budget yesterday.
___ analyzing the data carefully, the team identified the trend.
___, the proposal was sent for signature.
Walking down the hallway, ___ noticed a strange sound.
Sự đồng dạng của liên từ tương quan
both A and B / not only A but also B
The presentation was both informative and ___.
The new policy is designed not only to reduce costs but also to ___ compliance.
Either the specifications ___ the budget needs to change.
She is both a skilled analyst and ___ .
Neither the engineers nor the manager ___ aware of the issue.
Not only ___ the new system faster, but it also offers better security.
Dấu phẩy khi liệt kê
A, B, and C (dùng Oxford comma thì phải nhất quán trong toàn văn).
The solution improves speed, reliability, and ___ .
The candidate has experience in marketing, sales, and ___.
The CEO is responsible for hiring, training, and ___ employees.
Either the manager ___ the team leader will lead the meeting.
We invited designers, developers___ QA leads.
The role requires creating wireframes, writing specs, and ___ prototypes.
Our values include innovation, integrity, and ___.
Mr. Tanaka not only manages the team but also ___ as a mentor.
The handbook covers safety procedures, emergency contacts, and ___.
Trật tự tính từ
opinion → size → age → color → origin → material → purpose + danh từ
I bought ___ jacket for the trip.
a ___ table
a pair of ___ shoes
a ___ desk
a beautiful ___ vase
a ___ storage box
an ___ car