不定詞・動名詞・分詞
to不定詞 / 動名詞 / 分詞構文の機能差を見抜く。
目的・名詞化・形容詞化の用法を取り違えない。
⚠️ひっかけ注意 — よくある失点パターン
- 前置詞の直後は -ing：✕ before to start → ○ before starting
- look forward to / be committed to / object to の to は前置詞 → 動名詞
- ✕ consider to do / ✕ suggest to do → ○ consider/suggest doing
- used to の混同：be used to ~ing（慣れている）≠ used to do（以前は〜した）
- 分詞の主語一致：分詞句の論理主語は主節と一致（Dangling participle を避ける）
- 興味/感情の -ed/-ing：人は -ed（interested）、物事は -ing（interesting）
- 完了不定詞/動名詞の時制一致：seem to have done / having done など「前後関係」を表す
- 受動不定詞：to be done / to have been done の形に注意
ポイント別演習
to 不定詞＝目的・予定
We plan to expand next quarter.
We plan ___ next quarter.
He went to the branch ___ the contract.
The new manager hopes ___ team morale.
She agreed ___ the meeting with the new clients.
She is eager ___ a leadership role.
It is important ___ all participants on time.
The company decided ___ its operations to Southeast Asia.
They expect ___ the merger by the end of the year.
The team is ready ___ the proposal next week.
Mr. Smith was the only candidate ___ for the executive position.
動名詞＝名詞化
Avoid sharing confidential data.
They considered ___ the launch date by two weeks.
Would you mind ___ me with this report?
The committee suggested ___ the deadline by one week.
Mr. Brown enjoys ___ at trade fairs around Asia.
We look forward to ___ with you.
She admitted ___ the policy.
After ___ all the materials, please send them to the printing department.
He is used to ___ long hours.
分詞の形容詞用法
a promising candidate / a damaged package
Please report any ___ items immediately.
We received ___ feedback from our customers.
The clients were ___ with the quality of our service.
We interviewed a ___ candidate for the role.
The ___ funds will be allocated to research.
The instructions ___ in the manual are clear and easy to follow.
The CEO gave an ___ presentation that kept everyone focused.
独立分詞構文
Weather permitting, the event will proceed.
___ no further delays, we can ship next week.
___ the constraints, we redesigned the schedule.
All things ___, we agreed to proceed with the pilot.
___ permitting, the outdoor concert will start at 7 p.m.
___ the report by Friday, the team can present findings on Monday.